---
type: concept
title: S/MIME Certificate Import
tags: [security, email, encryption]
related: [smime, p12-file, groupware, nutzerzertifikate]
created: 2026-07-01
updated: 2026-07-01
sources: ["output/rz_uni_greifswald_de_dienste_webdienste_groupware_module_email_smime_zertifikat_.md"]
---

# S/MIME Certificate Import

S/MIME Certificate Import is the process of uploading a digital certificate and its associated private key into an email client or server to enable the signing and encryption of electronic messages.

## Implementation at Universität Greifswald
The university supports both client-side and server-side imports to ensure [[smime]] functionality across different platforms.

### Server-Side Import (Groupware)
Users can import certificates directly into the [[groupware]] email module. This allows the server to handle the signing process, which is particularly useful for users accessing email via web browsers.
- **Required Format**: The import requires a [[p12-file]], which bundles the public certificate and the private key.
- **Security**: The `.p12` file must be password-protected during the upload process.
- **Automation**: The server-side implementation allows for the automatic signing of all outgoing mail.

### Client-Side Import
Alternatively, certificates can be imported into local email clients such as [[mozilla-thunderbird]] or [[microsoft-outlook]]. This typically involves importing the same `.p12` file into the client's security settings.

## Comparison of Import Methods

| Feature | Groupware (Server-Side) | Email Client (Client-Side) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Storage** | Stored on URZ server | Stored locally on device |
| **Accessibility** | Available via any web browser | Only available on configured device |
| **Automation** | Server-level automatic signing | Client-level configuration |
| **Format** | `.p12` | `.p12` / `.pfx` |

## Related Concepts
- [[nutzerzertifikate]]: The actual identity certificates issued to university members.
- [[p12-file]]: The archive format used for the transport of these certificates.